Botanical Guide to Peonies for Florists
Peonies, belonging to the genus Paeonia, are cherished for their lush blooms and captivating fragrance. They are a staple in floral arrangements, renowned for their romantic appeal and versatility in both wedding and everyday floral designs. Understanding their characteristics, care requirements, and varieties will enhance your floral creations.
Botanical Classification
Family: Paeoniaceae
Genus: Paeonia
Species: Over 30 species, with numerous cultivars and hybrids.
Varieties
Peonies can be classified into several categories based on their characteristics:
Herbaceous Peonies
Characteristics: Die back in winter, regrow in spring.
Common Varieties: 'Sarah Bernhardt', 'Festiva Maxima', 'Coral Charm'.
Tree Peonies
Characteristics: Woody stems that persist year-round.
Common Varieties: 'White Tree Peony', 'Pink Tree Peony', 'Red Tree Peony'.
Intersectional Peonies (Itoh Peonies)
Characteristics: Hybrid of herbaceous and tree peonies, offering the best traits of both.
Common Varieties: 'Bartzella', 'Cora Louise', 'All That Jazz'.
Flowering Season
Peonies typically bloom from late spring to early summer (May to June in the Northern Hemisphere). Their availability may vary based on the region and specific cultivars.
Appearance
Blooms: Large, often fragrant flowers with a variety of shapes (single, semi-double, double) and colours (white, pink, red, yellow).
Foliage: Deep green, lobed leaves that provide an attractive backdrop to the blooms.
Growing Conditions
Peonies thrive in well-drained soil enriched with organic matter. They prefer full sun but can tolerate partial shade.
Light Requirements: At least 6 hours of sunlight per day.
Soil pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (6.0 to 7.0).
Watering Needs: Regular watering during the growing season, but avoid waterlogging.
Care for Cut Peonies
Harvesting: Cut peonies when the buds are firm but showing colour. This ensures longer vase life.
Processing: Remove lower leaves to prevent them from sitting in water.
Storage: Place in cool water (approximately 4°C) in a cool room to maximise longevity.
Vase Care: Use clean, fresh water and flower food. Change the water every few days to keep the stems hydrated.
Common Issues
Botrytis Blight: A fungal disease that can cause wilting and browning of petals. Ensure good air circulation.
Pest Infestations: Look out for aphids and mites. Natural insecticides can be used to treat infestations.
Floral Design Applications
Peonies are ideal for various arrangements due to their dramatic size and aesthetic appeal:
Bouquets: Use as focal flowers or combine with complementary blooms like roses, dahlias, and greenery.
Centrepieces: Standalone arrangements or as part of a mixed vase display, particularly lovely for weddings and upscale events.
Wreaths and Garlands: Incorporate for added texture and colour in seasonal designs.
Hong Kong Florist Recommendations
Understanding the botanical aspects and care of peonies enhances their use in floral design. Their beauty and versatility make them a prized choice for florists, ensuring they remain a favourite in arrangements for all occasions.
